Why do we fall ill ?

 

 

As we know, cells are the fundamental unit of living organisms. They are made of a variety of chemical substances such as proteins, carbohydrates, fats or lipids and so on. We have also seen that each living cell in itself is a vdynamic unit. Things are always happening there. For instance, cells continuously move from place to place. Even when a cell  is immobile, cell repair for formation of new cells and other such functions are continuously being carried out within cells. Similarly, within our body organs, organs carry various specialised activities at all times e.g., the heart beats to pump blood to all body parts, the lungs breath to exchange gases, the Kidneys filter the blood and make urine and brain thinks. All these activities of various body organs are interconnected. If Kidneys, stop filtering the blood, poisonous substances will accumulate in the the body. Under such conditions, the brain will not be able to think properly. Anything that prevents proper functioning of the cells and tissues will lead to a lack of proper activities of the body.

1. Significance of Health 

 Health is described as the state of complete physical, mental and social well being. Thus being healthy means that one feels body physically, has a positive outlook and is able to cope with the social and mental pressure without much difficulty. Being healthy is far more than just being free from disease.

                 For maintaining a healthy life cycle, a person needs to have a balance and varied diet, need to exercise, live  regularly in a proper shelter and get enough sleep. Maintaining a good hygiene and also reduce the chances of developing an infection.

                  A disease regularly usually indicates malfunction in the body. A doctor is able to diagnose disease is by  identifying  the symptoms. Symptoms of a disease may be physical, mental or both. 

      Our health is affected not only by unbalanced diet but also by disease-causing organisms which may be water-borne, air-borne, or foodborne.  Some diseases are caused by infection through microorganisms, insects, and parasites. Infection develops when germs/microbes or some pathogenic organisms such as bacteria, fungi, Protozoans, helminthes, nematodes, etc., enter human body. Therefore, to prevent the infection of disease, we need to keep our environment clean and hygienic. Thus, personal hygiene and community hygiene help in the prevention and spreading of the diseases. 

    

    

                  Disease and its causes 

Disease can also be defined as an impairment (malfunctioning) of the normal state of the living organisms that disturb or modifies the performance of the vital functions. Disease may be a response to 1. environmental factors (as malnutrition, industrial hazards or climate)  2. specific infective agents (as worms, protozoans, fungi, bacteria or viruses) 3. inherent defects of the organism (as genetic anomalies) 4. combination of these factors.